Overview
General medicine is the first point of medical contact for most everyday health concerns. It covers a broad range of acute and chronic complaints — from colds, flu and gastrointestinal infections to headaches, back pain and allergies. Many of these concerns improve with simple measures within a few days; a medical assessment helps to gauge the course and rule out more serious causes.
Common causes
Everyday complaints usually have harmless, widespread triggers. Viral infections cause most colds and flu-like symptoms, while bacterial infections underlie conditions such as urinary tract or sinus infections. Gastrointestinal complaints often result from viruses, diet or stress. Headaches and back pain are frequently linked to tension, poor posture, lack of movement or strain. Risk factors such as smoking, insufficient sleep, physical inactivity and seasonal allergens can make symptoms more likely.
When to see a doctor
A medical evaluation is advisable if symptoms last longer than expected, worsen, keep recurring, or are accompanied by high fever. Warning signs such as severe or sudden pain, shortness of breath, persistent vomiting, blood in the stool or urine, or unintended weight loss should be examined promptly. In cases of acute breathlessness, chest pain, altered consciousness, paralysis or any suspected emergency, call the emergency number 112 immediately.