Overview
Conjunctivitis (pink eye) is one of the most common eye conditions of all. The conjunctiva lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the visible white part of the eyeball. When it becomes inflamed, its fine blood vessels dilate and the eye appears red. Typical accompanying symptoms include burning, itching, a foreign-body sensation, increased tearing and discharge, which can stick the eyelids together, especially in the morning. Depending on the cause, one or both eyes may be affected. Many forms are uncomplicated and resolve within one to two weeks. Because conjunctivitis is easy to recognise externally, it is well suited to an initial telemedicine assessment in many cases: in the video consultation, the doctor assesses the eye via camera or a photo, asks about your symptoms and, based on their medical assessment, can recommend an appropriate treatment – including, if needed, a private prescription for eye drops.
Common causes
Conjunctivitis is most frequently caused by viruses, for example in the course of a respiratory infection; this form often starts on one side and is accompanied by watery discharge. Bacterial conjunctivitis tends to cause purulent, yellowish-green discharge and heavily stuck-together eyelids. Both infectious forms are contagious and are mainly transmitted via the hands. Allergic conjunctivitis typically affects both eyes, itches intensely and is often associated with hay fever – triggers include pollen, house dust mites or animal dander. External irritants can also play a role: dry air, screen work, draughts, smoke, chlorinated water, cosmetics or contact lenses worn for too long. Dry eye also promotes recurrent irritation of the conjunctiva. Distinguishing between the causes is important because treatment depends on it – the doctor's questions combined with the visual assessment help with this.
When to see a doctor
Medical evaluation is advisable if symptoms last longer than a few days, worsen, or purulent discharge appears. Certain warning signs require a prompt in-person ophthalmological examination: severe eye pain, marked deterioration in vision, pronounced light sensitivity, a visible injury to the eye, blisters on the eyelid or side of the nose, and a red, painful eye in contact lens wearers – in these cases, corneal involvement must be ruled out. Newborns and infants with eye inflammation should always be taken directly to a paediatric or ophthalmology practice. If a corrosive substance has entered the eye, rinse it immediately with water for several minutes and call emergency services on 112. For uncomplicated symptoms, the video consultation is a fast first step: the doctor assesses the eye and, if warning signs are present, directs you to the right point of care.